ABSTRACT
Aim:This study assesses the effects of HAART on liver and renal functions in HIV infected individuals on HAART.Study Design:Cross sectional study.Place and Methods:This study was conducted in Tamale, Ghana from August, 2015 to November 2017. Original Research Article Methodology:A total of 300 HIV infected participants with ages ranging from 19 to 79 years who have been administered with HAART for at least 6 months were recruited. Pre-HAART administration (baseline) demographic and clinical information, with initial liver and renal function test results were retrieved from the medical records of the participants present at the ART center. Post HAART administration blood sample (5mLs) was taken from each participant into a gel separated vacutainer tube, allowed to clot and spun at 3000rpm for 3 minutes to produce serum. The product (serum) was used for liver and renal function test analysis using a fully automated chemistry analyser (Vital Scientific Selectra Flexor XL). Results: Of the study population, 72% were administered with AZT/3TC/EFV, 13% with AZT/3TC/NVP, 6.7% with TDF/3TC/LPV/r and TDF/3TC/NVP, 1% with AZT/3TC/EFV while 0.7% were administered with TDF/FTC/EFV. The following parameters were significantly increased post HAART administration; ALT (25.53 ± 16.90 to 30.87 ± 19.28 U/L), ALP (163.7 ± 141.0 to 215.2 ± 143.4 U/L), GGT (37.27 ± 25.21 to 53.19 ± 41.71 U/L), Total protein (73.97 ± 17.08 to 82.31 ± 11.62 g/L), Albumin (38.02 ±9.331 to 41.01 ± 7.471 g/L), Globulin 38.02 ± 15.71 to 42.79 ± 25.20 (g/L). There were however significant reductions in Total bilirubin (12.13 ± 10.85 to 9.434 ± 4.560 μmol/L), Direct bilirubin (6.616 ± 5.770 to 4.184 ± 2.806 μmol/L), (Creatinine 73.19 ±36.13 to 63.14 ± 27.14 μmol/L) and Urea (3.515 ± 2.552 to 3.011±1.274 mmol/L).Conclusion: HAART improves renal function, induces elevation in liver enzymes, stimulates the production of plasma proteins and reduces serum bilirubin concentration
ABSTRACT
Aim:This study assesses the effects of HAART on complete blood count parameters among HIV infected participants.Study Design:Case control study. Place and Methods:This study was conducted inTamale, Ghana from August, 2016to December,2017. Methodology:A total of 300 HIV infected participants with ages ranging from 19–79 years, administered with HAART for at least 6 months were recruited. Pre-HAART administration (baseline) demographic andclinical information, with initial full blood count results were retrieved from the medical records of the participants. Post HAART administration blood sample (5mLs) was taken from each participant into an EDTA vacutainer tube andcomplete blood count (CBC) performed usingURIT 5250 haematology analyser.Participants transfused with blood overthe last 4 months were excluded from the study.Results: The study recorded significant decreases in WBCand Neutrophil (%)post HAART administration. Lymphocyte (%),Haemoglobin, Haematocrit, MCV, MCHC, RDW-SD were all significantly higher post HAART administration. Total Platelets count, MPV, PDW-SD, PCT and P-LCR were significantly lower post-HAART administration.A comparison of the effects of EFV and NVP administered with AZT/3TC backbone yielded the following results. The NVP group recorded a significantly higher HCT compared with the EFV group (p-0.0073). A significantly higher mean PCT, MPV, P-LCR,PLCC, PDW-SD were recorded in the EFV group comparedto the NVP group respectively.Conclusion: The administration of HAART is associated with significant improvements in erythroid and lymphoid lineages, reduce anaemia, improves immunity and general patient well-being. NVP improve erythroid cell indices while EFV ameliorate platelet indices. HAART regimen should be chosen based on the pre-HAART laboratory tests conducted on the individual